ANALISIS BUDAYA PESIMISME (TIYARAH) BANGSA ARAB DALAM SURAH YASIIN AYAT 18–19: STUDI TAFSIR IBNU KATSIR

Abstract

The phenomenon of pessimism culture in pre-Islamic Arab society is part of a belief system that believes in the existence of bad luck (tiyarah) that can affect the fate of a person or a community. This study aims to analyze the concept of tiyarah as reflected in Surah Yasin verses 18–19, by referring to Ibn Kathir's interpretation. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with thematic and contextual interpretation analysis methods. The results of the study show that the verse describes the response of the previous people who accused the messengers of bringing bad luck, and threatened them if they did not stop their preaching. Ibn Kathir emphasized that the bad luck they claimed actually came from their own mistakes and deviations. Islam through this verse firmly refutes the concept of tiyarah and calls for the view that all forms of destiny and disaster are part of Allah's provisions, not the result of human interpretation of certain symbols or signs. Rejection of this culture of pessimism is the starting point for the formation of an Islamic life paradigm based on optimism, moral responsibility, and faith. This study contributes to understanding the Qur'anic critique of the cultural heritage laden with fatalistic and superstitious beliefs in pre-Islamic societies.