KOMUNIKASI ISLAM DAN DOSA LISAN DIGITAL: KAJIAN FILOSOFIS ATAS ETIKA BERTUTUR DI RUANG MEDIA SOSIAL

Abstract

This study examines Islamic communication and digital tongue sins from the perspective of the philosophy of da'wah. Communication in Islam is understood not merely as a technical process of conveying information, but as an act of worship bound by moral-theological responsibility. Classical Islamic scholarship, particularly Al-Ghazali's Ihya' Ulumuddin, identifies various tongue sins such as lying, backbiting, slander, and gossip, all rooted in the absence of caution in speech. Digital technology has transformed these classical sins into new forms, including digital backbiting, hoaxes, hate speech, cyberbullying, and doxing, which are qualitatively more massive due to the interactive, permanently archivable, and borderless nature of cyber media. This qualitative library research employs a philosophical framework of ontology, epistemology, and axiology, complemented by the maqashid syariah approach. The findings show that digital communication does not change the ontological status of humans as morally responsible beings; that tabayyun (verification) is epistemologically urgent amid the flood of unverified information; and that awareness of divine recording of every utterance forms an axiological foundation for ethical conduct. The maqashid syariah framework, especially hifz al-'ird (protection of honor), affirms the urgency of safeguarding human dignity in digital spaces. The study recommends integrating Islamic digital literacy into Islamic education curricula, including pesantren and tahfidz institutions, to build a more civilized culture of digital communication.