POLA KEPEMIMPINAN PERSPEKTIF SURAH AL-BAQARAH

(SEBUAH TAFSIR TEMATIK)

Abstract

This article examines leadership patterns in Surah al-Baqarah through a thematic exegetical approach. The analysis focuses on Q. 2:30–31, 2:124, and 2:246–251, as these passages articulate the ontological, ethical, meritocratic, organizational, spiritual, and institutional dimensions of leadership. The study employs qualitative library research and follows the procedures of thematic Qur’anic interpretation: identifying relevant verses, analyzing their contexts and coherence, comparing classical and modern exegetical views, developing a conceptual synthesis, and contextualizing the findings. Primary sources include the Qur’an and commentaries by al-Tabari, Ibn Kathir, al-Razi, al-Jalalayn, al-Qasimi, al-Maraghi, Sayyid Qutb, Ibn ‘Ashur, al-Sha‘rawi, Wahbah al-Zuhayli, and M. Quraish Shihab. The findings demonstrate that Surah al-Baqarah constructs an integrative leadership pattern comprising: (1) a vicegerential mandate oriented toward constructive stewardship and the prevention of corruption; (2) ethical legitimacy that excludes injustice; (3) merit-based selection grounded in knowledge and capability rather than wealth or lineage; (4) leadership that organizes social participation; (5) discipline and self-restraint; (6) spiritual and strategic resilience; and (7) institutional checks intended to prevent social corruption. Qur’anic leadership, therefore, is not a mode of domination but a public trust that integrates integrity, competence, resilience, accountability, and commitment to the common good.